Neuropeptides
Volume 44, Issue 3 , Pages 241-246, June 2010

Wake promoting effects of cocaine and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART)☆

  • Glenda L. Keating

      Affiliations

    • Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Suite 6000, WMB, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +1 404 727 3305; fax: +1 404 727 3157.
    • ,
  • Michael J. Kuhar

      Affiliations

    • Neuroscience Division, Yerkes Primate Research Center of Emory University, 954 Gatewood Rd., NE, Atlanta, GA 30329, United States
    • ,
  • Donald L. Bliwise

      Affiliations

    • Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Suite 6000, WMB, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States
    • ,
  • David B. Rye

      Affiliations

    • Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Suite 6000, WMB, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States

Received 14 August 2009; accepted 19 December 2009. published online 01 February 2010.

Abstract 

Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) peptides modulate anxiety, food intake, endocrine function, and mesolimbic dopamine related reward and reinforcement. Each of these disparate behaviors takes place during the state of wakefulness. Here, we identify a potential wake promoting role of CART by characterizing its effects upon sleep/wake architecture in rats. Dose-dependent increases in wake were documented following intracerebroventricular CART 55–102 administered at the beginning of the rat’s major sleep period. Sustained wake was observed for up to 4h following delivery of 2.0μg of CART peptide. The wake promoting effect was specific to active CART 55–102 because no effect on sleep/wake was observed with the inactive form of the peptide. Increased wake was followed by robust rebound in NREM and REM sleep that extended well into the subsequent lights-off, or typical wake period, of the rat. These findings point to a potential novel role for CART in regulating wakefulness.

Keywords: Hypothalamus, Rebound, Hypocretin, Sleep

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☆ This research was supported by NIH NS055015, RR00165, DA00418 and DA10732.

PII: S0143-4179(09)00152-8

doi:10.1016/j.npep.2009.12.013

Neuropeptides
Volume 44, Issue 3 , Pages 241-246, June 2010

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